Chronological Bible Study – May 5
There is a short introduction available for the book of Psalms. You can read it here.
Key Themes (Psalms)
The book of Psalms, often referred to as the "hymnbook" of the Bible, is a collection of 150 poems, songs, and prayers that express a wide range of human emotions, from deep despair to exuberant praise. The Psalms are attributed to various authors, including King David, and they serve as a spiritual guide for worship, prayer, and reflection on the nature of God and the human experience. The key themes include:
- Praise and Worship: A central theme in the Psalms is the praise and worship of God. Many Psalms are hymns that extol God’s greatness, majesty, and holiness. They invite the worshiper to recognize God’s sovereignty over creation and to respond with reverence, gratitude, and adoration. This theme underscores the importance of acknowledging God’s worthiness in all circumstances.
- God’s Sovereignty and Justice: The Psalms frequently affirm God’s sovereignty over the world and His role as the righteous judge. They declare that God is in control of all things, from the natural world to the affairs of nations. This theme is often linked with a call for God to act justly, to defend the righteous, and to bring judgment upon the wicked.
- Lament and Petition: Many Psalms are laments, expressing sorrow, grief, and a sense of abandonment by God. These Psalms often include petitions for help, deliverance, or forgiveness, reflecting the deep struggles and sufferings of the human experience. This theme highlights the raw honesty with which the psalmists approach God, presenting their pain and seeking His intervention.
- Trust and Confidence in God: Alongside laments, the Psalms often express profound trust in God’s protection, provision, and faithfulness. Even in the midst of adversity, the psalmists declare their confidence that God is a refuge and strength, a present help in trouble. This theme encourages believers to place their trust in God, regardless of their circumstances.
- God’s Law and Wisdom: Several Psalms, particularly the wisdom Psalms, reflect on the beauty and value of God’s law (Torah). They emphasize the importance of living in accordance with God’s commandments and the blessings that come from a life guided by His wisdom. This theme reinforces the idea that God’s law is a source of guidance, joy, and life for His people.
- Thanksgiving and Remembrance: The Psalms often recount God’s past acts of deliverance and provision, expressing gratitude for His faithfulness. These Psalms serve as a reminder to the community of God’s enduring covenant love and the importance of remembering His works. This theme encourages a posture of thankfulness and recognition of God’s ongoing involvement in the lives of His people.
- Messianic Hope: Some Psalms, known as messianic Psalms, look forward to the coming of a future king, often understood in Christian tradition as a prophecy of the Messiah. These Psalms speak of a ruler from David’s line who will establish God’s kingdom on earth, bringing justice, peace, and righteousness. This theme points to the hope of a future deliverance and the fulfillment of God’s promises.
- The Human Experience and God’s Care: The Psalms encompass the full range of human emotions and experiences, from joy and celebration to fear and despair. They reflect on the brevity of life, the struggles with sin, and the quest for meaning and purpose. Throughout these reflections, there is a recurring theme of God’s intimate care for His creation and His readiness to listen and respond to His people.
The book of Psalms is a rich tapestry of prayer and praise, offering insights into the nature of God, the human experience, and the life of faith. It provides a model for how to approach God with honesty and reverence, expressing every emotion from despair to joy, and encourages a life rooted in worship, trust, and obedience to God’s will. Through its diverse themes, the Psalms continue to inspire and guide believers in their spiritual journey.
What I Noticed Today (Psalms 1-2, 15, 22-24, 47, 68)
Psalm 1
Psalm 1 contrasts the way of the righteous man with the way of a wicked man. He does not walk, sit, or stand in the way of the wicked, but delights in the law of the Lord. The righteous man produces fruit and does not wither. By contrast, the wicked are like worthless chaff that is blown away in the wind. God will separate the righteous from the wicked in judgment. The wicked will perish.
Psalm 2
Psalm 2 is known as a Messianic Psalm in that it refers to the Messiah (Jesus). It is also one of eleven psalms known as Royal Psalms used by Davidic kings. Verses 1-3 refer to the rebellion of people and nations against God’s chosen. Verses 4-6 record the Lord’s response as laughing at their foolish attempts. Verses 7-9 include the messianic reference to Jesus: “You are MY son” and the foretelling of the rebellious nations coming under the Lord’s rule. Verses 10-12 are an exhortation to the kings to submit to God, and serve him with fear, trembling lest his wrath come against you.
Psalm 15
The psalmist describes the strong character of a person who is worthy of being in the house of the Lord. Such a person is blameless, speaks the truth, fears the Lord, keeps his word, does not charge interest on a loan, and does not take bribes.
Psalm 22
Psalm 22 is a major shift in tone from Psalms 20 & 21. David now feels forsaken by God. Surrounded by enemies, he endures suffering and pleads with God to deliver him. David feels forsaken by God. Scorned by mankind, he still expects God to save him. Verses 1-5 are a lament, while verses 6-10 express confidence in God’s deliverance. David compares his enemies to ravenous lions and bulls whose constant attacks have drained his strength (vv. 12 -15). David then compares his enemies to scavenging dogs (vv. 16-18). David prays that the Lord will deliver him from his enemies and concludes with a notation that his prayers have already been heard (vv. 19-21). In the final section of the psalm, David addresses the congregation vowing praise to the Lord because the Lord had fulfilled His promise. Because of this, many future generations would turn to the Lord and worship Him (vv. 22-31).
Psalm 23
David describes the Lord as His shepherd. This was an apt metaphor since David was the shepherd king. The Lord, as Shepherd, met his needs for spiritual nourishment (v. 2), spiritual restoration (v. 2b-3), guidance in the right way (v. 3b), protection (v. 4), and provider (v. 5). In response to these blessings, David concludes he will live in the house of the Lord forever (v. 6).
Psalm 24
David acknowledges God’s sovereignty over all the world (vv. 1-2) and asks who can dwell with God in such a holy place (vv. 3-4). The psalmist answers that a righteous person with clean hands and a pure heart who seeks God will receive His blessings (vv. 5-6). David exhorts the reader to lift up his head because the King of Glory, the Lord of Hosts, is coming in (vv. 7-10).
Psalm 47
Psalm 47 is classed as an enthronement psalm celebrating God’s reign over the earth (other enthronement psalms include 93 and 95-99).
In verses 1-4, the psalmist calls on all nations to bestow honor on the Lord, who is King over all the earth and has selected Israel as His inheritance.
In verses 5-9, the psalmist describes God going up to His throne as the people sing His praises, and princes of the earth gather under His exalted reign.
Psalm 68
Psalm 68 is a song of celebration marking some triumphal procession or a great victory.
In verses 1-6, David prayed that God would display His power, scattering His enemies, while the righteous would rejoice. Then David asked the people to sing God’s praises as Israel’s protector.
In verses 7-18, David recounts the time when God led the people of Israel through the wilderness to their inheritance, the Promised Land. Then he describes the victories of the nation Israel over the kings of the land and the Lord’s establishing His sanctuary in Jerusalem.
In verses 19-31, David praised the Lord, who had been their salvation and their deliverer as they conquered their enemies and established the Lord’s sanctuary in Zion (Jerusalem). David asks God to display His power yet again so that pagan kings would see it and submit to God.
In verses 32-35, David concludes calling for all nations to sing praises to God in recognition of His power and majesty.
What did you notice in your study today? Feel free to visit the website and leave a question or a comment.